Permanent hot-top mold



J. 5,. PERRY RERMANENT HOT TOP MOLD Filed Jan. 22. 1926 July 19, 1927.

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Patented July 19, 1927.

UNITED STATES,-

JOHN E. PERRY, OI SHARON, PENNSYLVANIA. I

PERMANENT HOT-TOP MOLD.

Application fled January 22, 1926. Serial No. 82,892.

The present invention relates to metallurgy and more especially to aningot mold for steel ingots or the like.

Heretofore in the art, it has been recogl nized that in connection withcertain types of steel, it is desirous to maintain hot the upper end ofthe steel pool in the ingot mold in order to provide a reservoir whichwill feed molten steel down into the ingot as the steel of the ingotfreezes and thereby obviate the formation of pipes in the ingot. Varioustypes of hot top arrangements for ingot molds have been proposed;principally separate tile members ada ted to set on the.

top of the mold and come into direct contact with the molten steel.These hot top tiles tend to adhere or fuse to the steel mass and must bebroken away whenthe ingots are strip ed, or when the in ots are heattreated. is means that eac casting operation requires a new hot top.Furthermore, the particles of the hot top tile which adhere to the ingottend to fuse into the steel of the ingot while the ingot is beingtreated in a soaking pit and this spoils the steel.

The present invention overcomes the difficulties of the known prior artby providing a hot top as a permanent part of the mold itself and withthe construction so arranged that the hot top material is thoroug ly andcompletely protected. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a

ot top tile or other suitable heat insulating material is set in thesand mold matrix in which the ingot mold is cast in such manner thatwhen the in ct mold is completely cast and finished, the ot to materialis entirely submerged in the meta of the walls of the mold, adjacent themouth of the mold, and

40 is completely sealed over in such manner that the hot top material isthoroughly protected both from breakage and from contact with the steelwhich may be oured into the ingot mold. Preferably the ot top member isof such diameter relative to the matrix of the mold as to provide arelatively thin metal wall between the hot top material and the matrixof the ingot mold so that this metal wall may become quickly heated andwill tend to retain the heat in the steel in the upper art of the ingotmold.

It is rea ized that the present invention may be carried out inconstructions other than those specifically disclosed herewith andtherefore, the disclosure in the specification and drawings is to beunderstood as illustrative and not in the limitin sense.

Fig. 1 is an elevational view s owing the section of an ingot mold inaccordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view illustrating the position of the hot top materialin an ingot mold having substantially a rectangular cross section to thematrix thereof.

Referring .now more particularly to the drawings, it is I to beunderstood that the shape ofthe mold is relatively unimportant so ar asthe present invention is concerned and therefore, a lane straight sidedwall typeof mold is il ustrated in Figs. 1 and 2.

The main body 1 of the mold" is of the usual construction preferably ofcast iron, but the upper end is provided with a hot top section 2. Thismay be made by suspending in the matrix of the sand mold, in which the78 v ingot mold is cast, a section of properl shaped heat insulatingmaterial 2 in sucli manner that when the ingot mold is cast, the metalin the walls thereof flows around and over the heat insulating material4 to pro- 80 vide preferably a relatively thin wall 5 be:

tweenthe heat insulating material 4 and the matrix 6 of the ingot mold.A top face 7 seals over the top end of the mold so that the heatinsulating material 4 is so embedded in the walls of the mold adjacentthe mouth thereof as to be thoroughly protected and invisible when theingot mold is completed. Any suitable heat insulation material capableof withstandingrelatively high tem eratures may be utilized as the heatinsu ator 4, but preferably it comprises a suitable piece of tile suchas commonly used in the art for hot top structures. Preferably, thebottom 8 of the heat insulator 4 is inclined upwardly and outwardly as awedge shaped part in order to revent the trapping of slag, kish, or thelike, beneath the heat insulator, and to permit such material to riseupwardly during the casting operation through the passage way which whenfilled with cast iron forms the relatively thick part of the outer wall9, so that this material may be scraped from the top of the mold at thefinish of the casting-operation. 05

While I have shown the hot top structure as an integral part of an ingotmold, it will be possible to practice my invention by providing aseparate section to the mold enclosing a hot top material andconstructed in such manner as to make a metal to metal joint with themain body of the mold. The integral structure, however, is preferable inthatit avoids undue length to the mold body and permits a blending ofthe hot zone with the cooler-walls of the mold itself. The thin wedgeshaped bottom portion 9 of the heat insulating material 4 also has theadvantage of producing a zone 10 of graduated heat absorbing capacitybetween the chilling side walls 1 of the mold and the hot top section 2thereof, due to the fact that in this zone the thickness of the heatinsulating material is gradually increased from zero to the fullthickness of the heat insulating body.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. As an article of manufacture, an ingot mold comprising a body portionhaving heat absorbing walls over the major length thereof, with an endportion provided with a heat insulation zone, and a graduated. heatabsorbing zone between the full chill portion of the mold and the fullheat insulated portion thereof.

2. As an article of manufacture, an ingot mold having a heat insulatorsubmerged in the walls of the mold adjacent the mouth thereof, with saidheat insulator being completely enclosed in the metal adjacent the mouthof the mold.

3. As an article of manufacture, an ingot mold comprising a bodyportion, a heat 1nsulator in the walls of the mold and with a portion ofthe heat insulator havinga tapered cross section.

4. As an article of manufacture, an in ot mold having a heat insulatingsection a ]acent the mouth of the mold and entirely surrounded by themetal, with the wall between the heat insulator and the matrix of themold being thinner than the wall on the outside of said heat insulator.

5. As an article of manufacture, aningot mold having a body portion ofcast iron and heat insulating material comprising burned tile embeddedin the upper portion of the walls of the mold and entirely surroundingthe mouth portion of the mold.

6. An ingot mold comprising cast iron side walls with a tile forming aninte a1 part of the interior of the side walls ad acent the mouth of themold.

JOHN E. PERRY.

